Galatians 4 explains that believers are no longer slaves to the law but are adopted as God's children through faith in Christ. Paul uses an allegory of a child heir and a slave to show that while the Old Testament law acted as a guardian, believers are now free to receive their inheritance through the Spirit of God, which allows them to call God "Father". He contrasts this freedom with returning to bondage, which he compares to the story of Hagar and Sarah - those who try to live by the law are like slaves, while those who live by faith are children of promise.

Verses 1-2: How are children similar to slaves?
Now I say that the heir, as long as he is a child, does not differ at all from a slave, though he is master of all, but is under guardians and stewards until the time appointed by the father. Galatians 4:1-2
Answer: Children are under supervision until they are of age.
 
Verse 3: How were we similar to children before conversion?
Even so we, when we were children, were in bondage under the elements of the world. Galatians 4:3
Answer: Before salvation we were in bondage to the world.
 
Verses 4-5: How did God redeem us to be His children?
But when the fullness of the time had come, God sent forth His Son, born of a woman, born under the law, to redeem those who were under the law, that we might receive the adoption as sons. Galatians 4:4-5
Answer: Jesus Christ redeemed us to be adopted children of God.
 
Verse 6: How does the Holy Spirit confirm that we are God’s children?
And because you are sons, God has sent forth the Spirit of His Son into your hearts, crying out, “Abba, Father!” Galatians 4:6
Answer: The Holy Spirit prompts us to call God our Father.
 
Verse 7: What have we become as children of God?
Therefore, you are no longer a slave but a son, and if a son, then an heir of God through Christ. Galatians 4:7
Answer: We have become an heir of God through Jesus Christ.
 
Verse 8: What were we doing before we were converted?
But then, indeed, when you did not know God, you served those which by nature are not gods. Galatians 4:8
Answer: Before salvation we were serving idols.
 
Verses 9-11: How can we drift away from God?
But now after you have known God, or rather are known by God, how is it that you turn again to the weak and beggarly elements, to which you desire again to be in bondage? You observe days and months and seasons and years. I am afraid for you, lest I have labored for you in vain. Galatians 4:9-11
Answer: Religious observances lead you away from God.
 
Verses 12-16: How did Paul remind the Galatians of their relationship?
Brethren, I urge you to become like me, for I became like you. You have not injured me at all. You know that because of physical infirmity I preached the gospel to you at the first. And my trial which was in my flesh you did not despise or reject, but you received me as an angel of God, even as Christ Jesus. What then was the blessing you enjoyed? For I bear you witness that, if possible, you would have plucked out your own eyes and given them to me. Have I therefore become your enemy because I tell you the truth? Galatians 4:12-16
Answer: They received Paul as an angel of God.
 
Verse 17: How do false teachers gain converts?
They zealously court you, but for no good; yes, they want to exclude you, that you may be zealous for them. Galatians 4:17
Answer: They court you resulting in you being zealous of them.
 
Verse 18: What should we be zealous for?
But it is good to be zealous in a good thing always, and not only when I am present with you. Galatians 4:18
Answer: We should be zealous doing good things.
 
Verses 19-20: What solidifies are relationship with God?
My little children, for whom I labor in birth again until Christ is formed in you, I would like to be present with you now and to change my tone; for I have doubts about you. Galatians 4:19-20
Answer: We are children of God when we are centered on Jesus Christ.
 
Verses 21-25: Abraham’s sons are symbolic of what?
Tell me, you who desire to be under the law, do you not hear the law? For it is written that Abraham had two sons: the one by a bondwoman, the other by a freewoman. But he who was of the bondwoman was born according to the flesh, and he of the freewoman through promise, which things are symbolic. For these are the two covenants: the one from Mount Sinai which gives birth to bondage, which is Hagar— for this Hagar is Mount Sinai in Arabia, and corresponds to Jerusalem which now is, and is in bondage with her children— Galatians 4:21-25
Answer: Ismael and Isaac are symbolic of the Old and New Covenants.
 
Verses 26-27: What is the mother of Christian believers?
but the Jerusalem above is free, which is the mother of us all. For it is written: “Rejoice, O barren, you who do not bear! Break forth and shout, you who are not in labor! For the desolate has many more children than she who has a husband.” Galatians 4:26-27
Answer: The mother of believers is the New Covenant not Mary.
Cross Reference: Matthew 26:28; Mark 14:24; Luke 22:20; 1 Corinthians 11:25
 
Verse 28: The New Covenant makes believers what?
Now we, brethren, as Isaac was, are children of promise. Galatians 4:28
Answer: Faith in Jesus Christ makes us children of promise.
 
Verse 29: What will religious people do with believers?
But, as he who was born according to the flesh then persecuted him who was born according to the Spirit, even so it is now. Galatians 4:29
Answer: Religious people will persecute believers in Jesus Christ.
 
Verse 30: Should believers be under the Old Covenant?
Nevertheless, what does the Scripture say? “Cast out the bondwoman and her son, for the son of the bondwoman shall not be heir with the son of the freewoman.” Galatians 4:30
Answer: We should not tolerate be under the Old Covenant.
 
Verse 31: Being under the New Covenant does what?
So then, brethren, we are not children of the bondwoman but of the free. Galatians 4:31
Answer: The New Covenant frees us into a relationship with God.